Search results for "mass [cosmic radiation]"

showing 10 items of 5690 documents

Shell palaeoproteomics: first application of peptide mass fingerprinting for the rapid identification of mollusc shells in archaeology.

2020

10 pages; International audience; Molluscs were one of the most widely-used natural resources in the past, and their shells are abundant among archaeological findings. However, our knowledge of the variety of shells that were circulating in prehistoric times (and thus their socio-economic and cultural value) is scarce due to the difficulty of achieving taxonomic determination of fragmented and/or worked remains. This study aims to obtain molecular barcodes based on peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) of intracrystalline proteins, in order to obtain shell identification. Palaeoproteomic applications on shells are challenging, due to low concentration of molluscan proteins and an incomplete unde…

0301 basic medicineFreshwater bivalve[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and PrehistoryBiophysicsShell (structure)BiologyBiochemistryPeptide Mapping03 medical and health sciencesPeptide mass fingerprintingAnimal Shells[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Mollusc shellMollusc shellAnimalsPeptide mass fingerprintPeptide-mass fingerprintPhylogenyShellomics030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyPhylogenetic treeMALDI-TOF mass spectrometry; Mollusc shell; Palaeoproteomics; Peptide mass fingerprint; ShellomicsMALDI-TOF mass spectrometryPalaeoproteomicsArchaeologyBivalvia030104 developmental biologyTaxonArchaeologyIdentification (biology)Peptides
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Binary and tertiary combination of alternariol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol on HepG2 cells: Toxic effects and evaluation of …

2016

Fungi producers of mycotoxins are able to synthesize more than one toxin. Alternariol (AOH) is one of the mycotoxins produced by several Alternaria species, the most common one being Alternaria alternata. The toxins 3-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) are acetylated forms of deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum. In the present work it is determined and evaluated the toxic effects of binary and tertiary combination treatment of HepG2 cells with AOH, 3-ADON and 15-ADON, by using the MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), to subsequently apply the isobologram method and elucidate if the mixtures of these m…

0301 basic medicineFusariumCell SurvivalAlternariolToxicologymedicine.disease_causeAlternaria alternata03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundLactones0404 agricultural biotechnologyLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometrymedicineHumansMTT assayMycotoxinChromatographybiologyToxinfood and beverages04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineHep G2 Cellsbiology.organism_classification040401 food science030104 developmental biologychemistryAntagonismTrichothecenesToxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA
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Retrospective Proteomic Screening of 100 Breast Cancer Tissues.

2017

The present investigation has been conducted on one hundred tissue fragments of breast cancer, collected and immediately cryopreserved following the surgical resection. The specimens were selected from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, the most frequent and potentially aggressive type of mammary cancer, with the objective to increase the knowledge of breast cancer molecular markers potentially useful for clinical applications. The proteomic screening; by 2D-IPG and mass spectrometry; allowed us to identify two main classes of protein clusters: proteins expressed ubiquitously at high levels in all patients; and proteins expressed sporadically among the same patients. Wit…

0301 basic medicineGene isoformClinical Biochemistrygel-based proteomiclcsh:QR1-502Motilitysurgical tissuegel-based proteomicsBiologyBioinformaticsProteomicsBiochemistrylcsh:MicrobiologyArticleMetastasis03 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerbreast cancerStructural BiologyMedicineSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaMolecular Biologyoncology_oncogenicsmass spectrometrysurgical tissuesbusiness.industryCancermedicine.diseasePrimary tumor030104 developmental biologyApoptosisprotein clusteringCancer researchbreast cancer; surgical tissues; gel-based proteomics; mass spectrometry; protein clusteringbusinessProteomes
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Histone macroH2A1.2 promotes metabolic health and leanness by inhibiting adipogenesis

2016

Background Obesity has tremendous impact on the health systems. Its epigenetic bases are unclear. MacroH2A1 is a variant of histone H2A, present in two alternatively exon-spliced isoforms macroH2A1.1 and macroH2A1.2, regulating cell plasticity and proliferation, during pluripotency and tumorigenesis. Their role in adipose tissue plasticity is unknown. Results Here, we show evidence that macroH2A1.1 protein levels in the visceral adipose tissue of obese humans positively correlate with BMI, while macroH2A1.2 is nearly absent. We thus introduced a constitutive GFP-tagged transgene for macroH2A1.2 in mice, and we characterized their metabolic health upon being fed a standard chow diet or a hig…

0301 basic medicineGenetically modified mouseCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21macroh2a1.2TransgeneAdipose tissueAdipose tissueMice TransgenicBiologyCarbohydrate metabolismDiet High-FatBody Mass IndexCell LineHistones03 medical and health sciencesMiceHistone variantGeneticsAnimalsHumansInsulinEpigeneticsAdipose tissue Histone variants Obesity macroh2a1.2ObesityTranscription factorPancreasMolecular BiologyUncoupling Protein 1SkinHistone variantsAdipogenesisResearchCell DifferentiationGlucose Tolerance TestMolecular biologyCell biologyMice Inbred C57BL030104 developmental biologyPhenotypeLiverMetabolic EngineeringAdipogenesisDNA methylationAdipose tissue; Histone variants; macroh2a1.2; Obesity; Molecular Biology; Genetics
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Predictive ability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) in a free-living elderly population: a cross-sectional study

2017

Background Various scales have been used to perform a quick and first level nutritional assessment, and the MNA is one of the most used and recommended by experts in the elderly in all areas. This scale has a short form, the MNA-SF, revised and validated in 2009, which has two versions: the BMI-MNA-SF contains the first six items of the full scale including Body Mass Index while the CC-MNA-SF includes Calf Circumference instead of BMI. Objective To evaluate the predictive ability for nutritional status of the two versions of the MNA-SF against the MNA in free-living elderly in the province of Valencia. Methods Cross-sectional study of 660 free-living elderly in the province of Valencia sel…

0301 basic medicineGerontologyFree-living elderlyCross-sectional studyESTADISTICA E INVESTIGACION OPERATIVAPopulationlcsh:MedicineNursingGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine030212 general & internal medicineeducationNutritionRank correlationeducation.field_of_study030109 nutrition & dieteticsReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:RGeneral MedicineGold standard (test)Nutritional assessmentMNA-SFmedicine.diseaseMalnutritionGeriatricsEnfermeríaGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessBody mass indexKappaDemographyPeerJ
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The prevalence of malnutrition according to the new ESPEN definition in four diverse populations

2016

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.Background & aims: Consensus on the definition of malnutrition has not yet been reached. Recently, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) proposed a consensus definition of malnutrition. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of malnutrition according to the ESPEN definition in four diverse populations. Methods: In total, 349 acutely ill middle-aged patients, 135 geriatric outpatients, 306 healthy old individuals and 179 healthy young individuals were included in the study. Subjects were screened for risk of malnutrition using the SNAQ. The ESPEN definition of maln…

0301 basic medicineGerontologyMalePediatricsNutritional SciencesCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineThinness/etiologygeriatric patientBody Mass IndexNutritional Sciences/methods0302 clinical medicineunderweightWeight loss/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/zero_hungerPrevalenceMedicine030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultcomparative studypathophysiologyhealth care organizationNutrition and Dieteticsta3141Scientificta3142Middle AgedEuropenutritional assessmentElder Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaoutpatientAcute DiseasePractice Guidelines as TopicBody CompositionFemalemedicine.symptomRisk assessmentSocieties ScientificPredictive validityAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyConsensusgeriatric nutritionNutritional Statusmalnutritionadult; aged; Article; body mass; controlled study; disease predisposition; fat free mass; female; geriatric patient; human; major clinical study; male; malnutrition; middle aged; nutritional assessment; outpatient; population research; predictive validity; prevalence; risk assessment; short nutritional assessment questionnaire; weight reduction; acute disease; body composition; comparative study; consensus; Europe; geriatric assessment; geriatric nutrition; health care organization; malnutrition; nutritional assessment; nutritional science; nutritional status; pathophysiology; practice guideline; procedures; risk; risk assessment; underweight; young adult Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Consensus; Elder Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Europe; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Male; Malnutrition; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional Sciences; Nutritional Status; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Prevalence; Risk; Risk Assessment; Societies Scientific; Thinness; Young Adult; Body mass index; Definition; Fat free mass index; Malnutrition; PrevalenceRisk AssessmentArticleEurope/epidemiology03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultThinnessFat free mass indexHumanscontrolled studyhumanproceduresSDG 2 - Zero HungerGeriatric AssessmentAged030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industrypractice guidelinedisease predispositionDefinitionNUTRITION&DIETETICSmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studybody masspredictive validityMalnutritionNutrition Assessmentfat free massweight reductionshort nutritional assessment questionnairenutritional scienceNutritional sciencebusinessSocietiespopulation researchBody mass indexMalnutrition/diagnosisClinical Nutrition
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Protein-bound tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination by-products assessed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass sp…

2015

Abstract Background Free radicals cause alterations in cellular protein structure and function. Oxidized, nitrated, and chlorinated modifications of aromatic amino acids including phenylalanine and tyrosine are reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in clinical conditions. Objective To develop, validate and apply a rapid method for the quantification of known hallmarks of tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination in plasma and tissue proteins providing a snapshot of the oxidative stress and inflammatory status of the organism and of target organs respectively. Material and Methods The extraction and clean up procedure entailed protein precipitation, followed by protei…

0301 basic medicineHalogenationSwinePhenylalaninePronaseProtein oxidationTandem mass spectrometrymedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundTandem Mass SpectrometryNitrationmedicineAromatic amino acidsAnimalsEnvironmental ChemistryTyrosineSpectroscopyNitratesChromatography010401 analytical chemistryProteins0104 chemical sciences030104 developmental biologyAnimals NewbornchemistryBiochemistryTyrosineOxidation-ReductionOxidative stressChromatography LiquidAnalytica Chimica Acta
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International descriptive and interventional survey for oxycholesterol determination by gas- and liquid-chromatographic methods

2018

International audience; Increasing numbers of laboratories develop new methods based on gas-liquid and high-performance liquid chromatography to determine serum concentrations of oxygenated cholesterol metabolites such as 7alpha-, 24(S)-, and 27-hydroxycholesterol. We initiated a first international descriptive oxycholesterol (OCS) survey in 2013 and a second interventional survey 2014 in order to compare levels of OCS reported by different laboratories and to define possible sources of analytical errors. In 2013 a set of two lyophilized serum pools (A and B) was sent to nine laboratories in different countries for OCS measurement utilizing their own standard stock solutions. In 2014 eleven…

0301 basic medicineHigh performance-liquid chromatography[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyChromatography GasDeuterium labelledHigh-performance liquid chromatographyBiochemistryBile acid precursor03 medical and health sciencesOxysterolgasSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansSurveys and QuestionnaireliquidReference standardsbile acid precursors; gas-liquid chromatography; high performance-liquid chromatography; isotope dilution; mass spectrometry; oxysterol; cholesterol; chromatography gas; chromatography liquid; humans; reference standards; surveys and questionnaires; biochemistryChromatographyMass spectrometry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryBile acid precursorsChromatography liquidGeneral MedicineStandard methodsSerum concentrationReference Standards16. Peace & justiceIsotope dilution3. Good health030104 developmental biologyGas-liquid chromatographyCholesterolChromatography GaEnvironmental sciencechromatographyReference StandardGas chromatographybile acid precursorsChromatography LiquidHuman
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FragClust and TestClust, two informatics tools for chemical structure hierarchical clustering analysis applied to lipidomics. The example of Alzheime…

2016

Lipidomic analysis is able to measure simultaneously thousands of compounds belonging to a few lipid classes. In each lipid class, compounds differ only by the acyl radical, ranging between C10:0 (capric acid) and C24:0 (lignoceric acid). Although some metabolites have a peculiar pathological role, more often compounds belonging to a single lipid class exert the same biological effect. Here, we present a lipidomics workflow that extracts the tandem mass spectrometry data from individual files and uses them to group compounds into structurally homogeneous clusters by chemical structure hierarchical clustering analysis (CHCA). The case-to-control peak area ratios of the metabolites are then a…

0301 basic medicineHigh-resolution mass spectrometrySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaChemical structureComputational biologyPlasma biomarkers01 natural sciencesTriglycerideBiochemistryHomogeneous clustersAnalytical ChemistryCeramide03 medical and health sciencesAlzheimer DiseaseTandem Mass SpectrometryHealth informatics toolsLipidomicsHumansStatistical analysisData miningChromatography High Pressure LiquidAgedAged 80 and overMolecular StructureChemistry010401 analytical chemistryLipids0104 chemical sciencesHierarchical clusteringPhospholipid030104 developmental biologyWorkflowBiochemistryCase-Control StudiesSettore MED/26 - Neurologia
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Surface Micro Discharge–Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Processing of Common House Cricket Acheta domesticus Powder: Antimicrobial Potential and Lip…

2021

The growing world population and the need to reduce the environmental impact of food production drive the exploration of novel protein sources. Insects are being cultivated, harvested, and processed to be applied in animal and human nutrition. The inherent microbial contamination of insect matrices requires risk management and decontamination strategies. Thermal sterilization results in unfavorable cooking effects and oxidation of fatty acids. The present study demonstrates the risk management in Acheta domesticus (home cricket) powder with a low-energy (8.7–22.0 mW/cm2, 5 min) semi-direct surface micro discharge (SMD)–cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP). At a plasma power density lower…

0301 basic medicineHistologyAcheta domesticusBiomedical EngineeringBacillus cereusinsect powderBioengineeringAtmospheric-pressure plasmaBacillus subtilisMass spectrometrycold plasmaMicrobial decontaminationFood safetylipids03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyHouse cricketFood scienceBacillus megaterium2. Zero hunger030109 nutrition & dieteticsbiologyChemistryfungimicrobial decontamination04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSterilization (microbiology)biology.organism_classificationNon-thermal processing040401 food scienceLipids3. Good healthfood safety13. Climate actionAchetaCold plasmaInsect powderTP248.13-248.65BiotechnologyFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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